SÖK KARTOGRAFER, GRAVÖRER M.FL.

d'Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon

Born in Paris July 11, 1697 – died January 28, 1782.
Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville (born in Paris July 11, 1697 – January 28, 1782), was both a geographer and cartographer who greatly improved the standards of map-making. His maps of ancient geography, characterized by careful, accurate work and based largely on original research, are especially valuable. He left unknown areas of continents blank and noted doubtful information as such; compared to the lavish maps of his predecessors, his maps looked empty.

Work
D'Anville's map of China and Central Asia (1734) for du Halde's 'Description geographique de la Chine', compiled based on the first systematic geographic survey of the entire Chinese Empire by a team of French Jesuits (ca. 1700)
His passion for geographical research displayed itself from early years: at age of twelve he was already amusing himself by drawing maps for Latin authors. Later, his friendship with the antiquarian, Abbé Longuerue, greatly aided his studies.
His first serious map, that of Ancient Greece, was published when ...
Bland arbeten.
Pere J. B. du Halde with maps by d'Anville, 'Description geographique de la Chine', 1735.
'Nouvel Atlas de la Chine', 1737.
'Atlas Generale', circa 1740.
'Geographie Ancienne et Abregee', 1769.

Matérn, Johan Anton von

Född 1683 i Stockholm, död 1767 i Alvhem, Älvsborgs län.
Johan Anton Matérn, adlad von Matérn, född 1683-10-22 i Stockholm. Konduktör vid fortifikationen 1704-11-06. Löjtnant vid fortifikationen 1708-03-26. Kaptens karaktär 1722-06-26. Kapten vid fortifikationsbrigaden i Göteborg 1731-12-04. Major vid fortifikationsbrigaden 1741-03-05. Generalkvartermästarelöjtnant vid finska brigaden 1742-07-23. Flyttad till Stockholmsbrigaden och fortifikationskontoret 1744-11-10. RSO 1748-09-26. Överste och kommendant i Landskrona 1748-10-27. Adlad 1751-11-21 (introducerad 1756 under nr 1963). Avsked 1760. Död 1767-12-20 i Alvhem i Skepplanda socken, Älvsborgs län och begraven 1768-01-05. 'Han blev 1708 kommenderad från armén för att göra kartor över Polen, Samogitien och Litauen. Bevistade 1708-07-04 slaget vid Holofzin samt 1709 belägringen av Poltava, där han med egen hand uppsatte skanskorgarna längs efter linjen till betäckning av svenska armén. Blev fången vid Perevolotjna 1709-07-01 och förd till Tobolsk i Sibirien, varest han sysselsatte sig med kartors förfärdigande öve...
Bland arbeten.
Nova descriptio geographica Tattariæ magnæ.

PUFENDORF, SAMUEL von.

1632-94. Född i Sachsen, död i Berlin.
Tysk-svensk historiker. Han studerade rättsvetenskap och filosofi i Leipzig och Jena, tog magistergraden 1656 och blev 1661 professor vid universitetet i Heidelberg. 1667 kallad att bli professor i natur- och folkrätt i Lund, och 1677 utnämnd till svensk rikshistoriograf. Han utgav en rad juridiska och historiska skrifter. Av störst intresse i detta sammanhang är det stora verk om Karl X Gustaf, 'De rebus a Carolo Gustavo, Sueciae regis, gestis commentariorum libri septem' som kom 1696. Verket är illustrerat med en mängd kartor och bilder i kopparstick.

Bland arbeten.
De rebus a Carolo Gustavo, Sueciae regis, gestis commentariorum libri septem.

Sv. män och kv.

Amiral Häggs flaggkarta. - Stockholm 1888.

'Devonia vulgo Devonshire.' - Blaeu ca 1650-70.

NICOLAUS GERMANUS.

Often called 'Donis' from a misapprehension of the title 'Donnus' or 'Donus' an abbreviated form of 'Dominus.
A fifteenth-century cartographer, place of birth, and date of birth and death unknown. The first allusion to him of authentic date is an injunction of Duke Borso d'Este (15 March, 1466) to his referendary and privy counselor, Ludovico Casella, at Ferrara, to have the 'Cosmographia of Don Nicolò' thoroughly examined and then to determine a recompense for it. The duke, on the thirtieth of the same month, called upon his treasurers for 100 florins in gold 'to remit as a mark of his appreciation to Donnus Nicolaus Germanus for his excellent book entitled 'Cosmographia''. On 8 April, 1466, the duke again drew thirty golden florins to present to the Rev. Nicolaus, who 'in addition to that excellent Cosmography' (ultra illud excellens Cosmographie opus) had dedicated to the duke a calendar made to cover many years to come ('librum tacuini multorum annorum'). The 'Cosmographia' as preserved in the Bibliotheca Estensis at Modena comprises a Latin translation of the Geography of Ptolemy with maps. The version of the geographical text is substantially the same as that dedicated in 1410 to Pope Alexander V by Jacopo Angelo, a Florentine. In the execution of the maps, however, Nicolaus, instead of adhering to the flat projection of Ptolemy, chose what is known as the 'Donis-projection', because first worked out by him, in which the parallels of latitude are equi- distant, but the meridians are made to converge towards the pole. He likewise introduced new modes in delineating the outlines of countries and oceans, mountains and lakes, as well as in the choice of cartographic proportions. He reduced the awkward size to one which was convenient for use; the obscure and often unattractive mode of presentation he replaced by one both tasteful and easily intelligible; he endeavored to revise obsolete maps in accordance with later information and to supplement them with new maps. While his first recension embraced only the twenty-seven maps of Ptolemy (one map of the world, ten special maps of Europe, four of Africa, twelve of Asia), the second comprised thirty (including in addition modern maps of Spain, Italy, and the Northern countries: Sweden, Norway, and Greenland). The last-named enlarged recension he dedicated as priest to Pope Paul II (1464-71). He dedicated to the same pontiff his third recension, containing thirty-two maps, adding modern maps of France and the Holy Land. The works of the German cartographer were of great value in diffusing the knowledges of Ptolemy's Geography. The first recension, probably the very copy in the Lenox Library (New York), is the basis of the Roman editions of Ptolemy bearing the dates 1478, 1490, and 1507; on the third, certainly the copy preserved in Wolfegg Castle, are based the Ulm editions of 1482 and 1486. By combining the Roman and Ulm editions Waldseemüller produced the maps of Ptolemy in the Strasburg edition of 1513, which was frequently copied. The modern map of the Northern countries, made by Claudius Clavus, which Nicolaus embodied in his second recension of Ptolemy, was perhaps the source of the Zeni map which had such far-reaching influence, and likewise of the maritime charts of the Canerio and Cantino type. The revised map of the Northern countries in the third recension of Nicolaus, which placed Greenland north of the Scandinavian Peninsula, was a powerful factor in cartography for a century, especially as Waldseemuller gave the preference to this representation in his world and wall map of 1507, 'the baptismal certificate of America'. Because of these and other services to geography and cartography, as for example, by the revision of Buondelmonte's 'Insularium', it would be desirable to have it established whether Nicolaus was really, as I conjecture, a Benedictine father of the Badia at Florence.
(FISCHER, Nicolaus Germanus in Entdeckungen der Normannen in Amerika (Freiburg, 1902), 75-90, 113 sqq. (Eng. tr., London, 1903), 72-86, 108 sqq.)

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