1686-1762. Född i Laon, död i Amsterdam.
Fransk författare. 18 år gammal kom han till Holland där han upprättade en privatskola som han 1724 övergav för att ägna sig åt författarskap. Bland hans talrika verk kan nämnas 'Histoire du cardinal Alberoni' (1719), 'Memoires du règne de Pierre le Grand' (1725-26), 'Histoire des guerres entre les maisons de France et d'Autriche' (1748), 'Nieuwe astronomische, geographische en historische atlas' (1742) och 'Nouvel atlas geographique & historique' (1742).
Bland arbeten.
'Histoire du cardinal Alberoni.
Memoires du règne de Pierre le Grand.
Histoire des guerres entre les maisons de France et d'Autriche.
Nieuwe astronomische, geographische en historische atlas.
Nouvel atlas geographique & historique.
Nouv. biogr. gen. - Phillips.
1649-1709.
Sonson till Claes Visscher.
Nicolaes I werd opgevolgd door zijn zoon Nicolaes II. Hij verkreeg in 1682-1683 een zelfde soort octrooi als zijn vader. Er is een catalogus bekend uit die jaren die veel duidelijk maakt over het soort materiaal die de uitgeverij aanbood. Slechts 10 % bestond uit kaarten, de rest had betrekking op prentwerk. De Visschers zagen hun winkel in de eerste plaats als een kunsthandel, maar er was ook een grote keus aan kaarten voorhanden. De catalogus vermeldt ook de grote wandkaarten waarvan er weinig bewaard zijn gebleven.
Atlas-uitgaven van Nicolaes II:
Atlas Minor” uit 1683.
Germania Inferior” uit 1684.
Stoel des Oorlogs in Nederland” uit 1694.
De “Atlas Minor” was niet zo klein als gelijknamige atlassen uit die tijd. De uitgave was op folio formaat (ongeveer het huidige A4) en bevatte tussen de 60 en 150 kaarten. Wat Visscher’s uitgaven onderscheidt van die van hun concurrenten is hun nadruk op het uitbeelden van de oorlogshandelingen uit die dage...
Bland arbeten.
Atlas Minor, uit 1683.
Germania Inferior, uit 1684.
Stoel des Oorlogs in Nederland, uit 1694.
1596-1673. Född och död i Amsterdam.
Holländsk kartograf, bror till Cornelius Blaeu och son till Willem Janszoon Blaeu. Han var 1633-34 kartograf vid det holländska ostindiska kompaniet. Förutom att deltaga i familjens kartarbeten och föra dessa vidare efter faderns och broderns för tidiga död, gav han själv 1648 ut en stor världsatlas, 'Nova totius terrarum orbis tabula' i 20 blad, ett mycket omfattande utfört arbete, helt uppdaterat. Firmans kontor och lager i Gravenstraat eldhärjades svårt 1672 och skadorna blev förödande. En mängd kopparstick förlorades, däribland de norska som aldrig kunde tryckas igen. Jessen-Schardeböll nämner redan 1763 Blaeus kartor som sällsynta. Efter Joan Blaeus död gick affären över till sönerna Willem, Pieter och Joan.
Bland arbeten.
Nova totius terrarum orbis tabula.
Jessen. - Nederl. biogr., X. - Tooley.
Karta öfver Stockholm. - 1904.
Ven 1914 - Ekonomiska kartan.
d'Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon
Biografiska uppgifter:Born in Paris July 11, 1697 – died January 28, 1782.
Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville (born in Paris July 11, 1697 – January 28, 1782), was both a geographer and cartographer who greatly improved the standards of map-making. His maps of ancient geography, characterized by careful, accurate work and based largely on original research, are especially valuable. He left unknown areas of continents blank and noted doubtful information as such; compared to the lavish maps of his predecessors, his maps looked empty.
Work
D'Anville's map of China and Central Asia (1734) for du Halde's 'Description geographique de la Chine', compiled based on the first systematic geographic survey of the entire Chinese Empire by a team of French Jesuits (ca. 1700)
His passion for geographical research displayed itself from early years: at age of twelve he was already amusing himself by drawing maps for Latin authors. Later, his friendship with the antiquarian, Abbé Longuerue, greatly aided his studies.
His first serious map, that of Ancient Greece, was published when he was fifteen. At the age of twenty-two, he was appointed one the king's geographers, and began to attract the attention of first authorities. D'Anville's studies embraced everything of geographical nature in the world's literature, as far as he could muster it: for this purpose, he not only searched ancient and modern historians, travelers and narrators of every description, but also poets, orators and philosophers. One of his cherished subjects was to reform geography by putting an end to the blind copying of older maps, by testing the commonly accepted positions of places through a rigorous examination of all the descriptive authority, and by excluding from cartography every name inadequately supported. Vast spaces, which had before been bordered with countries and cities, were thus suddenly reduced mostly to a blank.
D'Anville was at first employed in the humbler task of illustrating by maps the works of different travellers, such as Marchais, Charlevoix, Labat and du Halde. For the history of China by the last-named writer he was employed to make an atlas, which was published separately at the Hague in 1737.[citation needed] Information for the maps of China came from land surveys made by the Chinese empire in 1708. His China maps have been called the 'standard Western source for the geography of China and adjacent regions,' throughout the 19th century.
In 1735 and 1736 brought out two treatises on the figure of the earth; but these attempts to solve geometrical problems by literary material were, to a great extent, refuted by Maupertuis' measurements of a degree within the polar circle. D'Anville's historical method was more successful in his 1743 map of Italy, which first indicated numerous errors in the mapping of that country and was accompanied by a valuable mémoir (a novelty in such work), showing in full the sources of the design. A trigonometrical survey which Benedict XIV soon after had made in the papal states strikingly confirmed the French geographer's results. In his later years d'Anville did yeoman service for ancient and medieval geography, accomplishing something like a revolution in the former; mapping afresh all the chief countries of the pre-Christian civilizations (especially Egypt), and by his Mémoire et abrégé de géographie ancienne et générale and his États formés en Europe après la chute de l'empire romain en occident (1771) rendering his labours still more generally useful. His last employment consisted in arranging his collection of maps, plans and geographical materials. It was the most extensive in Europe, and had been purchased by the king, who, however, left him the use of it during his life. This task performed, he sank into a total imbecility both of mind and body, which continued for two years, till his death in January 1782.
Honors
In 1754, at the age of fifty-seven, he became a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, whose transactions he enriched with many papers. In 1775 he received the only place in the Académie des Sciences which is allotted to geography; and in the same year he was appointed, without solicitation, first geographer to the king.
The crater Anville on the Moon is named after him, as was the community of Danville, Vermont.
Bibliography
D'Anville's published memoirs and dissertations amounted to 78, and his maps to 211. A complete edition of his works was announced in 1806 by de Manne in 6 vols. quarto, but only two had appeared when the editor died in 1832. See Bon-Joseph Dacier, Éloge de d'Anville (Paris, 1802). Besides the separate works noticed above, d'Anville's maps executed for Rollin's Histoire ancienne and Histoire romaine, and his Traité des mesures anciennes et modernes (1769), deserve special notice.
Bland arbeten:
Pere J. B. du Halde with maps by d'Anville, 'Description geographique de la Chine', 1735.
'Nouvel Atlas de la Chine', 1737.
'Atlas Generale', circa 1740.
'Geographie Ancienne et Abregee', 1769.
- Se bild.
