SÖK KARTOGRAFER, GRAVÖRER M.FL.

RAJALIN, JOHAN von.

1715-1786.
Naval officer, serving under the Dutch flag in the 1730s. Took part in battles against Turkish pirates. Shipyard major, vice-admiral and in 1769, governor of Blekinge province.

Sveriges sjökartor – A. Hedin.

Mortier, Pieter [Pierre].

1661-1711.
Boktryckare och bokhandlare i Amsterdam. Han omnämns första gången 1679, och från 1693 även som konsthandlare. 1690 fick han privilegium på tryckning av Sansons (se denne) och Jaillots (se denne) kartor. 1693 övertog han en ny atlas av dessa och samma år "Le Neptune Francios" av Charles Pene, Cassini m.fl. Vidare kan nämnas "Atlas nouveau des cartes geographiques choisies" (1703) och ett odaterat militärt kartverk, "Les Forces de l'Europe, Asie, Afrique et Amerique". Då barnen ännu var omyndiga fortsatte änkan verksamheten till sin död 1719. 1721 fick sonen Cornelius Mortier (se nedan) i kompanjonskap med Johannes Cóvens överta verksamheten. Pieter and David Mortier were brothers of French extraction whose publishing interests covered a wide field embracing French and English works as well as Dutch. Pieter was probably trained in the bookselling business in Paris and David spent many years in England; in fact, he acquired British nationality and died there in about 1728. After Pieter's death, his widow cont...
Bland arbeten.
Le Neptune Francios.Atlas nouveau des cartes geographiques choisies.Les Forces de l'Europe, Asie, Afrique et Amerique.

Kleerkooper. - Phillips.

SCHWENGELN, GEORG von.

Tjänstgjorde i svenska fortifikationskåren. ".. som 1644 gjorde upp en plan över Nyen, var livländare, bosatt i Riga, när denna stad erövrades av Gustaf II Adolf 1621. I svensk tjänst utnyttjades han först som tolk till polska, men då han studerat matematik och "architectura militaris", fick han snart i uppdrag att göra upp planer över befästningar.".

Kart & Bildteknik 2003:3, artikel "Från Nyen till Hiddensee. Svensk kartläggning under 1600-talet". Av Ulla Ehrensvärd.

Stockholm - Mentzer ca 1860.

Djurö - O.J. Hagelstam 1806.

HILL, JOHN WILLIAM

Biografiska uppgifter:(1812–1879) was a British born American artist working in watercolor, gouache, lithography, and engraving.
Hill's work focussed primarily upon natural subjects including landscapes, still lifes, and ornithological and zoological subjects. In the 1850s, influenced by John Ruskin and Hill's association with American followers of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, his attention turned from technical illustration toward still life and landscape. Hill was the son of British aquatint engraver John Hill. He emigrated with his parents from London to the United States in 1819, initially living in Philadelphia. In 1822 the family moved to New York, where Hill apprenticed in aquatint engraving in his father's shop.In 1838 Hill married Catherine Smith - their children included the astronomer George William Hill and the painter John Henry Hill.In watercolor and aquatint engravings, Hill employed a stipple technique, building up planes of softly gradated colors made of tiny brushstrokes–a process commonly seen in painted miniatures. Applied to a larger scale on canvas the result was a form of objective realism in contrast with more common romanticized works of mid-19th century American painting. In 1829, at the age of 17, Hill began exhibiting watercolors and engravings produced in his father's studio at the Brooklyn Art Association and the National Academy of Design. In 1833, at the age of 21, Hill was elected to associate membership in the National Academy of Design.In his early 20s Hill began work for the New York State Geological Survey, first creating a series of topographic studies and overhead views of principle American cities and towns. This work was distinct for its accuracy of arial perspective and recording minute architectural detail. These portraits of urban settlement required frequent travel to observe, sketch, and map before creating finished watercolor studies. The completed watercolors were then recreated as color lithographic art and published by the Smith Brothers, a New York City publisher.Hill's work with the New York State Geological Survey continued later with his illustration of James Ellsworth De Kay's Zoology of New York State, or; The New-York Fauna. Part II, Birds published in 1844. Like John James Audubon's bird portraits, Hill's were painted with an objective eye, documenting accurate anatomy and colors, and capturing the animal's natural countenance.While in his early 40s Hill read John Ruskin's Modern Painters, and became fascinated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. The Pre-Raphaelite movement's combination of realism with increased emotional content appealed to Hill. Hill championed Pre-Raphaelite painting methods in the United States, but was less fascinated with their ideals. in 1863, with art critic Clarence Cook, geologist Clarence King, and architect Russell Sturgis, Hill helped to found the Society for the Advancement of Truth in Art. For the remainder of Hill's life he focussed upon landscapes, mostly of the mountainous areas of New England and New York state. Hill's paintings and engravings are found in the collections of the Brooklyn Museum, the Amon Carter Museum, Fogg Museum, the Hood Museum of Art, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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