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Biografier.

Bertius, Petrus. [Bert].

1565-1629.
Petrus Bertius grew up in Beveren in Flanders and as a young man travelled widely in Europe. In company with so many of his compatriots he moved to Amsterdam as a refugee from religious persecution and after completing his studies there he was appointed a professor of mathematics and librarian at Leyden University. As well as being a prolific writer on mathematical, historical and theological subjects he is known as a cartographer for his editions of Ptolemy's Geographia (based on Mercator's edition of 1578) and for the miniature atlases detailed below. In 1618 he moved to Paris and became Official Cosmographer to Louis XIII. He was related by marriage to Jodocus Hondius and Pieter van den Keere.

d'ANVILLE, JEAN-BAPTISTE BOURGUIGNON.

1697-1782. Född och död i Paris.
Fransk geograf, Redan i sin tidigaste ungdom ägnade han sig åt geografiska och antika studier. 15 år gammal utarbetade han en karta över det gamla Hellas. 1727 gav han ut en karta över Afrika som följdes av 'Atlas de la Chine'. En 'Geographie Ancienne' kom i en rad utgåvor på olika språk fram till 1815, flera år efter hans död. Han utarbetade ett flertal kartor från alla jordens hörn, utgivna i samlingar utan speciella titelblad. Medlem av 'L'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres och L'Académie royale des sciences.'


Bland arbeten.
Atlas de la Chine.
Geographie Ancienne.


Nouv. biogr. gen. - Philips.

GRIPENHIELM, CARL.

1655-1694.
Direktör för lantmäteriet, tog initiativet till den första svenska Generalkartan.

At the age of 28, appointed director (later director-general) for the National Land Survey. Offices were a room at the royal palace, 'but in autumn, winter and spring, maps never could be stored there because of the moisture, snow and rain that drift in through the leaky walls'. Wrote poetry with same success - 200 years later the works were deemed 'currently unpalatable'. In the early 1690s worked on Stockholm's Outer archipelago, until then poorly represented on charts. For security reasons, the lise of maps was restricted. His maps first round real use a hundred years later as underpinning for Sweden's Marine Atlas (Sveriges Sjöatlas).
Bland arbeten.
Sveriges Sjöatlas.


Sveriges sjökartor – A. Hedin.


Stockholm - Mentzer ca 1860.


Cronmarck - C. H. Tersmeden ca 1900.

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L'ENFANT, PIERRE CHARLES.

Biografiska uppgifter:1754-1825.
L'Enfant was born in Paris where he trained to be an architect. He came to America in 1777, and served George Washington as an engineer during the Revolutionary War. In 1791 President Washington asked L'Enfant to design the new capitol city in the District of Columbia. L'Enfant designed a city similar in layout to the then French capitol city of Versailles. The Capitol in Washington sits in a position similar to that of the palace in Versailles, the White House (originally called the President's House) in the position of Grand Trianon, and the Mall is like the Parc. The Commissioners of the City of Washington wanted to have a printed copy of the plan when they began to sell building lots. L'Enfant irritated them by working slowly and releasing only sketchy plans . On instruction from President Washington, Thomas Jefferson on February 27, 1792 wrote a letter to L'Enfant dismissing him as city planner. L'Enfant died penniless and was buried on a friend's estate. In 1909 his remains were moved to Arlington National Cemetery on a hill overlooking the capitol city.



(Washington Map Society. Se även wikipedias artikel, 'Pierre Charles L'Enfant'. )

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