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Biografier.

VALCK (VALK), GERARD.

Ca: 1651-1726. Född och död i Amsterdam.
Holländsk kartograf. Han utmärkte sig som kopparstickare hos Abraham Blooteling i Amsterdam och blev en produktiv konstnär inom olika genrer. 1672 reste han till England där han vistades under ett antal år. Efter hemkomsten till Amsterdam etablerade han tillsammans med sin kompanjon Blooteling en konsthandel. Senare allierade han sig med sin elev Pieter Schenk (se denne) och drev en omfattande karthandel, främst med andras arbeten. Bl.a. övertog de Joannes Janssonius' (se denne) atlas. Förutom kartor utgav han även jordglober och samlingar med översikter. Firman övertogs senare av en av hans söner, Leonard Valck (se denne).


Kleerkooper. - Phillips. - Thieme-Becker.

Ulander, Christina Maria

Född 1/6 1833 i Ulricehamn, död 1873 14/5 i Göteborg.
Trägravör. Utbildat sig på egen hand. Känd för sina arbeten i kork och trä. Vid sin död hade hon för världsutställningen i Wien (1873) färdig en efterbildning i kork av Karl XV:s sista oljefärgstavla. Göteborgs historiska museum äger en litografisk avbildning av en bordsskiva i kork, näver och svamp (Daedalea quersina) 'Minnen av Sverige' där i 13 större eller mindre bildfält återges Stockholms slott, Gripsholm, Skokloster, inloppet till Karlskrona, Mora kyrka med flera sevärdheter. Enligt annons i Göteborgs adresskalender för 1871 utförde hon träsnitt 'till vetenskapliga arbeten, läroböcker, kataloger, vignetter för alla yrken m.m.' samt stöd till tjänst med arbeten i kork: 'uti taflor, läspulpeter, portefeuiller, lampskärmar m.m. efter eleganta teckningar och bekommas färdigmonterade'. På industriutställningen i Malmö 1865 belönades hon med medalj.

SURHON[IUS] [SURHONIO, SURCHON-], JEAN and JACQUES.


Cartographers, goldsmiths and engravers, b. Mons.

Bland arbeten.
Hainault 1548 (used by Ortelius 1579.
Hondius 1633).
Luxembourg 1551.
Namur 1553.
Artois 1554.
Picardy 1557 (used by Ortelius 1559).
Vermandois 1577 (used by Blaeu 1631).


Tooley.


Ingermanlandiae – Homanns Erben 1734


Frossört, Scutellaria galericulata - Lindman, C. A. M, Bilder ur Nordens Flora 1917-26.

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HILL, JOHN WILLIAM

Biografiska uppgifter:(1812–1879) was a British born American artist working in watercolor, gouache, lithography, and engraving.
Hill's work focussed primarily upon natural subjects including landscapes, still lifes, and ornithological and zoological subjects. In the 1850s, influenced by John Ruskin and Hill's association with American followers of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, his attention turned from technical illustration toward still life and landscape.

Hill was the son of British aquatint engraver John Hill. He emigrated with his parents from London to the United States in 1819, initially living in Philadelphia. In 1822 the family moved to New York, where Hill apprenticed in aquatint engraving in his father's shop.

In 1838 Hill married Catherine Smith - their children included the astronomer George William Hill and the painter John Henry Hill.

In watercolor and aquatint engravings, Hill employed a stipple technique, building up planes of softly gradated colors made of tiny brushstrokes–a process commonly seen in painted miniatures. Applied to a larger scale on canvas the result was a form of objective realism in contrast with more common romanticized works of mid-19th century American painting. In 1829, at the age of 17, Hill began exhibiting watercolors and engravings produced in his father's studio at the Brooklyn Art Association and the National Academy of Design. In 1833, at the age of 21, Hill was elected to associate membership in the National Academy of Design.

In his early 20s Hill began work for the New York State Geological Survey, first creating a series of topographic studies and overhead views of principle American cities and towns. This work was distinct for its accuracy of arial perspective and recording minute architectural detail. These portraits of urban settlement required frequent travel to observe, sketch, and map before creating finished watercolor studies. The completed watercolors were then recreated as color lithographic art and published by the Smith Brothers, a New York City publisher.

Hill's work with the New York State Geological Survey continued later with his illustration of James Ellsworth De Kay's Zoology of New York State, or; The New-York Fauna. Part II, Birds published in 1844. Like John James Audubon's bird portraits, Hill's were painted with an objective eye, documenting accurate anatomy and colors, and capturing the animal's natural countenance.

While in his early 40s Hill read John Ruskin's Modern Painters, and became fascinated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. The Pre-Raphaelite movement's combination of realism with increased emotional content appealed to Hill. Hill championed Pre-Raphaelite painting methods in the United States, but was less fascinated with their ideals. in 1863, with art critic Clarence Cook, geologist Clarence King, and architect Russell Sturgis, Hill helped to found the Society for the Advancement of Truth in Art. For the remainder of Hill's life he focussed upon landscapes, mostly of the mountainous areas of New England and New York state. Hill's paintings and engravings are found in the collections of the Brooklyn Museum, the Amon Carter Museum, Fogg Museum, the Hood Museum of Art, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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