SÖK KARTOGRAFER, GRAVÖRER M.FL.

WAGHENAER, LUCAS JANSZOON.

Holländsk kartograf i slutet av 1500-talet. Efter att ha vunnit ett rykte som erfaren skeppare och lots började han som den förste i världen med att ge ut en sjökartsatlas. Den kom ut 1584-85 under titeln 'Spiegel der Zee-Vaerdt'. Den kom senare i en rad utgåvor på olika språk. 1592 följdes den av 'Tresoor der Zee-Vaert'. Dessa två verk var epokgörande inom sjökartografins område och namnet 'Waghenaer' var under en lång tid synonymt med bra sjökort. Han gav även ut en översiktsplan och en karta över sin hemstad Enkhuysen.

By the third quarter of the sixteenth century an ever increasing volume of the wealth of the New World and the Indies was reaching Lisbon and the Spanish ports, there to be trans-shipped to Northern and Western Europe. This trade was almost entirely in the hands of the Dutch so it was logical that one of their pilots should produce the first set of effective navigational charts. These were compiled under the title Spiegel der Zeevaerdt, by Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer, a native of Enkhu...
Bland arbeten.
Spiegel der Zee-Vaerdt.
Tresoor der Zee-Vaert.

Nederl. biogr. - Nissen. - Phillips.

Sophianos, Nikolaos.

Sophianos was well known as an expert on Greek history and geography. He was sent to Greece in about 1543 by Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, the Spanish envoy to Venice, to acquire Greek manuscripts for the Escurial Library. It is about this time – possibly in 1540, the date found at the end of Sophianos text on this map – that Sophianus compiled his great map of Greece, although there is no surviving example.
In 1544, Johann Oporinus, a printer and publisher in Basle, published an eight-sheet version of Sophianos map, cut by Master Christoph of Strasburg. Of this earliest printing, there is also no known extant example. Indeed, the earliest surviving printing of the map recorded by Zacharakis or Karrow was printed by Johann Schroeter in Basle in 1601.
It appears that Oporinus reprinted the map in 1545 to accompany his edition of Gerbelius “In Descriptionem Graeciae Sophiani, Praefatio….”. Although the book gives instructions on colouring the map, and contains additional gazetteer, the map seems not to ha...
Bland arbeten.
Descriptio nova totivs Graeciae per Nicolavm Sophianvm. Basle, 1544-1545, large woodcut wall-map of Greece, on eight sheets uncut, each sheet approx. 380 x 280mm., with an additional sheet with letterpress gazetteer. Of great rarity. The earliest surviving wall-map of Greece and the first significant modern map of Greece, compiled by Nickolaos Sophianos, a Greek cartographer from Corfu, born of a noble family there. This example is apparently the second state of the map. It retains the date 1544 just above the scale bar on the bottom right hand skeet, but the letterpress text in the left hand cartouche on the lower left sheet may have been reset, in whole or part, as it ends with the date “prid[ie] Calend[is]. Septembr[is]. Anno salutis publiae M D X L V”.

Sotheby's. Zacharakis, Printed Maps of Greece: Sophianos 2242; Karrow, Mapmakerers of the Sixteenth Century, 71/1.2.

ERATOSTHENES, (grek. Eratosthen'es),

Grekisk astronom (276-194 f.Kr.), född i Cyrene, av Ptolemaios III Euergetes kallad till bibliotekarie vid museet i Alexandria. E. utförde den första vetenskapliga bestämningen av jordens storlek. I Syene i Afrika kastade en gnomon vid sommarsolståndet icke någon skugga, då däremot vid samma tid solen i Alexandria var 7,2 grader (=360:50 grader) från zenit. Då avståndet mellan Syene och Alexandria enl. E. var 5.000 stadier, så följer, att jordens omkrets är = 50x5.000 = 250.000 stadier. Värdet på E:s stadie är ej säkert bekant, men följer man Plinius' uppgifter, är en stadie = 157,5 m, och i så afll blir alltså jordens omkrets = 39.375.000 m, nära överensstämmande med senare mätningar (40.000.000 m), en överensstämmelse, som dock kan betraktas som helt och hållet tillfällig.
Eratosthenes framställde även en världskarta.

Svensk uppslagsbok, 1948.

Stockholm - Mentzer ca 1860.

Karta öfver Nord Vestra kusterne af Spanien och Portugal.... - G. af Klint 1803.

Dudley Chase, Ernest.

Pictorial maps - maps with vignette illustrations on top of the geographical content - go back practically to the known beginning of cartographic history: Petroglyph maps dating from the Neolithic sometimes are found combining geographic features with representations of animals, people or dwellings.

Vignette insets or overlays are also found throughout the period of printed maps. But maps richly overlaid with small pictures are more commonly found from the 19th century onwards. (A notable exception is the Carta Marina of Olaus Magnus, published in Venice in 1539, which presents a depiction of Scandinavia with more than 100 small woodcut illustrations of animals, real and imagined, and of people pursuing all kinds of activities, such as hunting, fishing, skiing, etc.)

Ernest Dudley Chase was an exceptional creator of pictorial maps. Though he worked primarily as a graphic artist and businessman in the greeting card industry, Chase also designed, drew, and self-published more than 50 pictorial maps, each densely packed with detailed vignettes reflecting the areas portrayed. In this map of the United States, each state's capitol building is shown, as well as many other vignettes of buildings, famous sights (e.g. Niagra Falls, Hoover Dam) and pictures of people pursuing outdoor activities (fishing, horseback riding, panning for gold, etc.) appropriate to the particular region. In addition to the vignettes in the body of the map, there are 32 vignettes drawn in the blank areas outside the country's borders, mostly showing famous buildings, and 4 vignettes in the corners showing symbols of the country's natural bounty: a bull's head, a longhorn sheep's head, a sheaf of wheat, and a branch from a cotton plant.

Most of Chase's maps display a sense of humor. Though this map is mostly serious and respectful in its portrayal of the United States, the humor creeps in from time to time, such as the small collection of broken hearts outside of Reno, Nevada.

Since Chase published and sold his maps on his own, many of them bear his manuscript signature, as can be seen in the bottom margin, at the left, in this example.

In March, 2003 the Harvard Map Collection presented an exhibit of the pictorial maps of Ernest Dudley Chase, curated by Joseph Garver. The Boston Map Society met on the opening night, and the members were given a guided tour of the exhibit.

To see more online images of Chase's maps, click here to go to the Harvard Library online catalogue (Hollis), enter 'Ernest Dudley Chase' in the 'Search For' field, and click 'Search'. Follow the 'Internet Links' to see images for the individual maps.
Bland arbeten:
A Pictorial Map of North America 1945.
A Pictorial Map of South America 1942.

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