(c. 1596, Neuhausen, – 1665, Hoorn)
Cellarius was a Dutch-German cartographer, best known for his Harmonia Macrocosmica of 1660, a major star atlas, published by Johannes Janssonius in Amsterdam.
He was born in Neuhausen (now a part of Worms), and was educated in Heidelberg. The Protestant Cellarius may have left Heidelberg at the onset of the Thirty Years' War in 1618 or in 1622 when the city came in Catholic hands. His activities are unclear at this time but based on his later works it is conjectured he spent time in Poland and may have even worked as a military engineer there. In 1625 he married Catharina Elt(e)mans in Amsterdam, where he worked as school master of a Latin School. After a brief stay in The Hague, the family moved to Hoorn. From 1637 until his death he was rector of the Latin School in Hoorn, where Pieter Anthoniszoon Overtwater was conrector.
He published on fortification and on Poland.
The minor planet 12618 Cellarius is named in his honour.
Andreas Cellarius
The Dutch-German mathematician and cosmogr...
Bland arbeten.
Harmonia macrocosmica sea atlas universalis et novus. Amsterdam: G. Valck and P. schenk, 1708.
Folio (530 x 320mm), allegorical title engraved by F. H. van Hoven, printed in red and black with woodcut vignette, letterpress title with contents and 29 double-page engraved cosmographical charts finely coloured by hand, without text.
One of the most fascinating achievement from the golden age of Dutch cartography. The Harmonia macrocosmica is the only atlas of the period dealing with astronomy.
Unlike the late celestial atlases, the Cellarius charts demonstrated various ancient and contemporary cosmological ideas, rather than just the names and positions of the stars. The purpose of the book was to assess different attempts to discover the underlying harmony of the universe. The charts represent the highest levels of seventeenth-century astronomical thought, with the diagram showing aspects of the three great theories on the nature of the universe; the Ptolemaic, the Copernican and the Brahean.
Född 1723, död 1793.
Öfverste och chef för finska fortifikationsbrigaden. Son till Filip Nordencreutz.
Bland arbeten.
Manuskriptkarta - 'Special hydrographisk carta öfwer Öster-Giötlands skiärgård ifrån Näfweqwarn till Walmarswijk [Kartografiskt material] : med dess öar, holmar ock siöar, samt skiär, hamnar ock redder, med segellederne för stora ock små fartyg / observerat, plicktat ock peijlat uti Augusti månad 1734 af Nils Strömcrona. Renowerad ock efter andre cartor tillökt af F.I. Nordencreutz'
Manuskriptkarta, 1749 - 'Carta no. 1 öfwer södre delen af Sawolax [Kartografiskt material] : utwisandes de större ock mindre wägar ifrån den nu projecterade gräntzen in åt Sawolax ock Tawastehus läner, samt huru de med siöar ock watten befinnas coupperade / sammandragen af Fred. Iac. Nordencreutz'
BLAEU, WILLEM JANSZOON (Guilielmus Janssonius).
1571-1638. Född i Uitgeest vid Alkmaar, död i Amsterdam.
Holländsk kartograf. 1591 kom han till Ven som elev till Tycho Brahe. Förutom astronomi lärde han sig även att arbeta med matematiska instrument, glober och kartor. 1596 slog han sig ned i Amsterdam där han grundade en affär med kartor och nautiska instrument. 1605 gav han ut en stor världsatlas i 18 delar. Senare följde en rad specialkartor och 1617 ett verk med sjökort, 'Licht der Zee-vaert', som även kom med fransk och engelsk text. 1629 gav han ut sin första hela atlas med 54 kartor. Av dessa hade han övertagit de flesta från Henr. Hondius. Under Willem Blaeus livstid följde fyra nyutgåvor, kompletterade med nya kartor. Verket fördes senare vidare av hans söner. Familjen Blaeus verksamhet spände över alla delar inom geografi, kosmografi, hydrografi, topografi etc. Firmans produktion är känd som sin tids yppersta kartografiska arbeten, och räknas dessutom till de vackraste kartarbeten som överhuvudtaget utförts.
Willem Blaeu förväxlas ibland med Jan Jansson (Johan Janssonius). Oftast gäller detta karto...
Bland arbeten.
Licht der Zee-vaert.
Nederl. biogr. , X. - Richter. - Tooley.
Karta öfver Stockholm. - 1904.
Vue de la Place De Juan Fernandez... - J. N. Bellin 1753,
d'Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon
Biografiska uppgifter:Born in Paris July 11, 1697 – died January 28, 1782.
Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville (born in Paris July 11, 1697 – January 28, 1782), was both a geographer and cartographer who greatly improved the standards of map-making. His maps of ancient geography, characterized by careful, accurate work and based largely on original research, are especially valuable. He left unknown areas of continents blank and noted doubtful information as such; compared to the lavish maps of his predecessors, his maps looked empty.
Work
D'Anville's map of China and Central Asia (1734) for du Halde's 'Description geographique de la Chine', compiled based on the first systematic geographic survey of the entire Chinese Empire by a team of French Jesuits (ca. 1700)
His passion for geographical research displayed itself from early years: at age of twelve he was already amusing himself by drawing maps for Latin authors. Later, his friendship with the antiquarian, Abbé Longuerue, greatly aided his studies.
His first serious map, that of Ancient Greece, was published when he was fifteen. At the age of twenty-two, he was appointed one the king's geographers, and began to attract the attention of first authorities. D'Anville's studies embraced everything of geographical nature in the world's literature, as far as he could muster it: for this purpose, he not only searched ancient and modern historians, travelers and narrators of every description, but also poets, orators and philosophers. One of his cherished subjects was to reform geography by putting an end to the blind copying of older maps, by testing the commonly accepted positions of places through a rigorous examination of all the descriptive authority, and by excluding from cartography every name inadequately supported. Vast spaces, which had before been bordered with countries and cities, were thus suddenly reduced mostly to a blank.
D'Anville was at first employed in the humbler task of illustrating by maps the works of different travellers, such as Marchais, Charlevoix, Labat and du Halde. For the history of China by the last-named writer he was employed to make an atlas, which was published separately at the Hague in 1737.[citation needed] Information for the maps of China came from land surveys made by the Chinese empire in 1708. His China maps have been called the 'standard Western source for the geography of China and adjacent regions,' throughout the 19th century.
In 1735 and 1736 brought out two treatises on the figure of the earth; but these attempts to solve geometrical problems by literary material were, to a great extent, refuted by Maupertuis' measurements of a degree within the polar circle. D'Anville's historical method was more successful in his 1743 map of Italy, which first indicated numerous errors in the mapping of that country and was accompanied by a valuable mémoir (a novelty in such work), showing in full the sources of the design. A trigonometrical survey which Benedict XIV soon after had made in the papal states strikingly confirmed the French geographer's results. In his later years d'Anville did yeoman service for ancient and medieval geography, accomplishing something like a revolution in the former; mapping afresh all the chief countries of the pre-Christian civilizations (especially Egypt), and by his Mémoire et abrégé de géographie ancienne et générale and his États formés en Europe après la chute de l'empire romain en occident (1771) rendering his labours still more generally useful. His last employment consisted in arranging his collection of maps, plans and geographical materials. It was the most extensive in Europe, and had been purchased by the king, who, however, left him the use of it during his life. This task performed, he sank into a total imbecility both of mind and body, which continued for two years, till his death in January 1782.
Honors
In 1754, at the age of fifty-seven, he became a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, whose transactions he enriched with many papers. In 1775 he received the only place in the Académie des Sciences which is allotted to geography; and in the same year he was appointed, without solicitation, first geographer to the king.
The crater Anville on the Moon is named after him, as was the community of Danville, Vermont.
Bibliography
D'Anville's published memoirs and dissertations amounted to 78, and his maps to 211. A complete edition of his works was announced in 1806 by de Manne in 6 vols. quarto, but only two had appeared when the editor died in 1832. See Bon-Joseph Dacier, Éloge de d'Anville (Paris, 1802). Besides the separate works noticed above, d'Anville's maps executed for Rollin's Histoire ancienne and Histoire romaine, and his Traité des mesures anciennes et modernes (1769), deserve special notice.
Bland arbeten:
Pere J. B. du Halde with maps by d'Anville, 'Description geographique de la Chine', 1735.
'Nouvel Atlas de la Chine', 1737.
'Atlas Generale', circa 1740.
'Geographie Ancienne et Abregee', 1769.
- Se bild.
